Terms of Service. A straightforward agreement.

1. About these terms

Drenval Health Ltd operates an informational website at drenval.info. By browsing the site, you agree to use it lawfully and respectfully. If you do not accept these terms, please stop using the site.

a) These terms apply to every visitor, whether reading a single article or returning regularly, and to any interaction with the newsletter or contact form described elsewhere on the site. b) If a specific page includes additional notices, such as the Disclaimer, those notices apply alongside these terms rather than replacing them. c) Continued use of the website after a change to these terms, as described in section 12, is treated as acceptance of the revised version. d) These terms are provided in English and, where the website is accessed via automatic translation, only the English version published at drenval.info/terms-of-service is treated as authoritative.

2. Editorial material

Articles are provided for general information and education. They are not personal guidance and should not be treated as a substitute for speaking with a GP or qualified healthcare professional.

a) Where an article discusses a general topic such as sleep habits or daily routines, it is written for a broad adult readership and does not account for an individual reader's history, current care plan or specific circumstances. b) Editorial material may reference published research, but a study finding described in an article should not be read as a personal recommendation for any particular reader. c) Where an article is updated after publication, the previous version is not separately preserved on the live site, though a correction request handled under the Disclaimer may result in a visible date note. d) This section should be read together with the Disclaimer, which forms part of these terms by reference and sets out in more detail why editorial content cannot substitute for individual professional advice.

3. Acceptable use

You must not interfere with the site, attempt unauthorised access, scrape content in a way that harms availability or use the platform to send unlawful material. We may restrict access where security or availability is at risk.

a) Automated scraping that places excessive load on the website, or that is used to republish substantial portions of our content elsewhere without permission, is considered unauthorised use under this section. b) Attempting to bypass security controls, probe the site for vulnerabilities without authorisation, or submit deliberately malicious input through the contact form is also prohibited. c) Where we identify use that appears to breach this section, we may restrict access from the relevant address or range, and in serious cases may refer the matter to the appropriate authority. d) Submitting deliberately false or defamatory content through the contact form, or attempting to impersonate Drenval Health Ltd or a member of its editorial team, is treated as a serious breach of this section.

4. Intellectual property

Text, design and branding belong to Drenval Health Ltd or its licensors unless stated otherwise. You may read and share a link for private, non-commercial reference. Republication requires written permission.

a) The Drenval name, associated branding and the visual design of the website are protected and may not be copied or used to suggest an affiliation without written permission. b) A reader may quote a short excerpt of an article for commentary or review purposes, provided the source is clearly credited with a link back to the original page. c) Requests for wider reproduction, such as republishing a full article on another website, should be sent to [email protected] and will be considered on a case-by-case basis. d) We aim to respond to a reproduction request within ten working days, and any permission granted may be subject to conditions such as attribution wording or a link back to the original page.

5. Reader contributions

If you send feedback, you confirm that it is yours to share and does not contain confidential personal information. We may use correspondence to improve accuracy, while keeping personal details governed by the Privacy Policy.

a) Feedback submitted through the contact form may be referenced internally to inform an editorial review, but is not published verbatim under the sender's name without separate agreement. b) A reader should avoid including another person's personal information in a message unless they have that person's consent to share it. c) We may decline to act on feedback that appears unlawful or clearly intended to mislead, without any obligation to explain the decision in detail. d) Any personal data included in a feedback message is handled in line with the Privacy Policy, including the retention periods set out in that document for contact-form correspondence.

6. External links

External links are supplied as reading context. Drenval does not control third-party sites, their availability or their terms. Visiting another site is your decision.

a) Where an article links to a government resource, research publisher or charity, the link is intended to help a reader locate further reading, not to endorse every aspect of that external site. b) External sites may change or be discontinued after publication, and Drenval is not responsible for updating every historical link across the archive. c) Any interaction with an external website, including providing personal information there, is governed entirely by that site's own terms and privacy notice. d) This section applies equally to a link cited as a source and to any incidental mention of a third-party organisation's name within an article, neither of which implies a business relationship between that organisation and Drenval Health Ltd.

7. Availability

We aim to keep the website available, but maintenance, outages and events outside our control can occur. We may change, pause or remove pages without notice.

a) Planned maintenance is typically scheduled to minimise disruption, but is not always announced in advance given the informational, non-transactional nature of the site. b) We do not guarantee a minimum uptime figure, since the website does not process payments or provide a service with a contractual service level. c) If a page is removed or restructured, for example following a correction under the Disclaimer, an old link may no longer resolve; this does not create a right to compensation. d) Where an outage is expected to last longer than a few hours, we aim, where practicable, to note the disruption on our social channels or via a holding page, though this is a courtesy rather than a contractual obligation.

8. No personal promise

Reading an article does not create a professional relationship, personal assessment or promise about an individual outcome. The disclaimer forms part of these terms.

a) This principle applies even where a reader has subscribed to the newsletter or corresponded with the editorial team about a correction, since neither action changes the general, non-personalised nature of the published material. b) No article should be relied upon as confirmation that a particular approach is suitable for a specific individual's circumstances. c) Any example, illustrative scenario or general statistic mentioned in an article is provided for context and does not describe the reader's own situation. d) Subscribing to the newsletter described on the homepage does not create any personalised advisory relationship; newsletter content is drawn from the same general editorial pool as the articles on the website.

9. Liability

To the extent permitted by UK law, Drenval is not responsible for losses arising from reliance on general editorial material. Nothing in these terms limits liability that cannot lawfully be limited.

a) This includes losses connected with a decision made after reading an article, technical interruption of the website, or reliance on a third-party link, to the extent permitted by law. b) Nothing in this section limits liability for matters that cannot lawfully be excluded under UK consumer protection law, such as liability for death or personal injury caused by proven negligence. c) Where a reader believes they have suffered a loss connected with the website, they are encouraged to raise the matter with [email protected] in the first instance. d) Because the website does not sell goods or services, the Consumer Rights Act 2015 provisions relating to paid services do not apply in the same way they would to a commercial transaction, though general negligence principles under English law remain relevant.

10. Privacy and cookies

Our Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy explain data and browser technologies. They are incorporated into these terms by reference.

a) Reading the Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy alongside these terms helps clarify what information is collected during a visit and how long it is kept. b) Where a future change to data practices requires an update to either policy, that update will be reflected in the dated versions of those pages rather than in these terms directly. c) Any conflict between a specific data-protection provision in the Privacy Policy and a general statement in these terms should be resolved in favour of the Privacy Policy, which is the more specific document. d) Both policies are published at fixed addresses on this website (privacy-policy.php and cookie-policy.php) so that a reader can locate the current version at any time without needing to request it separately.

11. Governing law

These terms are governed by the law of England and Wales. Courts in England and Wales have jurisdiction, subject to any mandatory consumer protections.

a) This choice of law applies regardless of the reader's own location, though mandatory local consumer protections in a reader's home country may still apply where relevant. b) Where a dispute cannot be resolved informally through the contact address, either party may bring proceedings in the courts of England and Wales, subject to any mandatory rule that permits a consumer to use their local courts instead. c) These terms do not require a reader to agree to arbitration or to waive a statutory right that cannot lawfully be waived. d) A reader based in the European Union or elsewhere retains any mandatory local consumer protection that applies regardless of this choice of law, to the extent required by the law of their own place of residence.

12. Contact and changes

Questions can be sent to [email protected]. This version was reviewed on 24 September 2026. We may update the terms and will show the revised date here.

a) Updates to these terms are usually made to reflect a change in the website's features, applicable law or the scope of the Disclaimer, Privacy Policy or Cookie Policy. b) Where a change is significant, we aim to make it noticeable by updating the date shown near the heading of this page. c) A reader who disagrees with a revised version should stop using the website; continued use after the revised date takes effect constitutes acceptance of the new terms. d) Previous review dates for this page include 15 February 2026 and 20 May 2026; readers who need to compare an earlier version against the current text can request a copy from [email protected].